{"id":31449,"date":"2012-07-19T15:34:47","date_gmt":"2012-07-19T19:34:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/planetsave.com\/?p=31449"},"modified":"2012-07-19T15:34:47","modified_gmt":"2012-07-19T19:34:47","slug":"compound-derived-from-sea-sponge-virtually-eliminates-hiv-in-infected-cells","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/articles\/compound-derived-from-sea-sponge-virtually-eliminates-hiv-in-infected-cells\/","title":{"rendered":"Compound Derived from Sea Sponge 'Virtually Eliminates' HIV in Infected Cells"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Scanning<\/a><\/p>\n

A collaborative research team at the Scripps Research Institute in Florida have successfully concluded experiments on HIV infected cell cultures using a derivative of a natural compound called Cortistatin A which was isolated in 2006 from a sea sponge called Corticium simplex <\/em>that was first identified over a hundred years ago.<\/p>\n

The compound was first synthesized in 2008 by a Scripps research team lead by Phil Baran. Baran’s lab collaborated in this breakthrough research.<\/p>\n

In the study (by Mousseau et al<\/em>), a synthetic version of the compound called didehydro-Cortistatin A<\/em> was used to test its effects on two a forms of HIV — HIV-1 (the most common form) and HIV -2 (a form restricted to W. Africa and part of Europe).<\/p>\n

Results of the in vitro<\/em> experiments showed a 99.7 % reduction in the <\/em>viral production (replication) from immune cells known as primary CD4+ T cells. These cells had been previously isolated from patients undergoing a prolonged, anti-retro-viral therapy, known as HAART, and without any detectable signs of the virus in their blood.<\/p>\n

Further, in patients with detectable loads of the virus in their blood, it was found that combining the compound with other antiviral medications resulted in an additional 20% reduction in viral replication from this same population of T cells.<\/p>\n

Unlike other antiviral drugs help block new infections, this nature-derived compound stops the virus in cells that are already infected. Currently, it is estimated that 34 million people world-wide are infected with either strain of HIV, the virus known to cause AIDS.<\/p>\n

\"Cortistatin<\/a>
Chemical structure of Cortistatin A (credit; Ed (Edgar181) which was isolated from a sea sponge in 2008.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The potent inhibitory mechanism apparently works by binding strongly to a viral protein called Tat which promotes activation of the\u00a0 viral genes. this binding effect “gums up” the replication machinery of the virus — inhibiting even small amounts of replication. The team leader Susana Valente described the compound as\u00a0 “the most potent anti-Tat inhibitor described to date.”<\/p>\n

And while cell culture, or in vitro<\/em>, studies are never definitive — natural cell tissue (in vivo<\/em>) exist in micro environments<\/em> that relay all manner of signals from their surroundings — the researchers are more than a little confident in\u00a0 this new compound.<\/p>\n

Two features of this compound are giving medical researchers additional hope: first, removal of the compound from the cell cultures does not result in a “rebound” of the viral infection and second, the compound has a “drug-like” molecular structure (i.e., a strongly conserved binding site), and so, it is ready-made for antiviral therapeutics.<\/p>\n

Additionally, it works at low concentrations and appears to have zero toxicity at the cellular level.<\/p>\n

The study (“Potent Suppression of Tat-dependent HIV Transcription by didehydro-Cortistatin A”) was published July 20, 2012 issue of the journal Cell Host and Microbe<\/em><\/a> and was supported by the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the Landenberger Foundation. Additional researchers include: Mark A. Clementz, Wendy N. Bakeman, Nisha Nagarsheth, Michael Cameron, and Jun Shi of Scripps Research; and R\u00e9mi Fromentin and Nicolas Chomont of the Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute.<\/p>\n

Top image: CDC – Scanning electron micrograph of HIV-1 (in green) budding from cultured lymphocyte. Multiple round bumps on cell surface represent sites of assembly and budding of virions.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A collaborative research team at the Scripps Research Institute in Florida have successfully concluded experiments on HIV infected cell cultures using a derivative of a natural compound called Cortistatin A which was isolated in 2006 from a sea sponge called Corticium simplex that was first identified over a hundred years ago. The compound was first 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experiments on HIV infected cell cultures using a derivative of a natural compound called Cortistatin A which was isolated in 2006 from a sea sponge called Corticium simplex that was first identified over a hundred years ago. The compound was first…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31449"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/45"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31449"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31449\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31449"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31449"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetsave.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31449"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}